ACTN3 rs1815739, PPARA rs4253778 and IL-6 rs1800795 gene polymorphisms and aerobic performance in kickboxing athletes

Raif Zileli; Mehmet Söyler; Mehmet Onur Sever; Sadi Ön; Serdar Bayrakdaroğlu; İbrahim Can; Hüseyin Özkamçı; Gürkan Diker; Tolga Polat; Özlem Özge Yılmaz; Beste Tacal Aslan; Korkut Ulucan

Authors

Raif Zileli Faculty of Health Science, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4178-5468
Mehmet Söyler apraklı Vocational School, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6912-4218
Mehmet Onur Sever School of Physical Education and Sport, Gümüşhane University, Gümüşhane, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6422-9144
Sadi Ön School of Physical Education and Sports, Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8047-9861
Serdar Bayrakdaroğlu School of Physical Education and Sport, Gümüşhane University, Gümüşhane, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2166-6675
İbrahim Can Faculty of Sport Science, Iğdır University; Iğdır, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2050-1473
Hüseyin Özkamçı Faculty of Sports Sciences, Sinop University, Sinop, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3372-2299
Gürkan Diker Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0407-8238
Tolga Polat Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, İstanbul, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2064-6613
Özlem Özge Yılmaz Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, İstanbul, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4085-6159
Beste Tacal Aslan Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, İstanbul, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5271-7917
Korkut Ulucan Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, İstanbul, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1304-9386

Keywords:

Endurance, gene, kickboxing, polymorphism

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the ACTN3 rs1815739, PPARA rs4253778, and IL-6 rs1800795 gene polymorphisms and aerobic performance indicators—namely Yo-Yo IRT1 distance (m) and estimated VO₂max (ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹)—between elite and sub-elite kickboxing athletes, and to identify which parameter best differentiates performance levels. Methods: The study sample consisted of 30 voluntarily participating male kickboxers. Genetic profiling and aerobic performance testing were conducted to obtain the data. Chi-square and independent t-tests were utilized to evaluate group differences. Results: The analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between elite and sub-elite athletes in terms of the ACTN3 rs1815739, PPARA rs4253778, and IL-6 rs1800795 gene polymorphisms or the aerobic performance parameters (p > 0.05). Conclusion: ACTN3 rs1815739, PPARA rs4253778, and IL-6 rs1800795 gene polymorphisms, as well as the measured aerobic parameters, do not appear to be distinguishing factors between elite and sub-elite kickboxing athletes in the examined cohort. Future studies with larger sample sizes and additional genetic and performance-related variables are recommended to better understand the determinants of athletic performance in this sport.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Bangsbo, J., Iaia, F.M., & Krustrup, P. (2008). The Yo-yo intermittent recovery test a useful tool for evaluation of physical performance in intermittent sports. Sports Med, 38(1), 37-51.

Bosnyák, E., Trájer, E., Udvardy, A., Komka, Z., Protzner, A., Kováts, T., & Szmodis, M. (2015). ACE and ACTN3 genes polymorphisms among female Hungarian athletes in the aspect of sport disciplines. Acta Physiol Hung, 102(4), 451-458. https://doi.org/10.1556/036.102.2015.4.12

Buse, G. J. (2009). Kickboxing. In: W. A. Wallace, R. R. Wroble, N. Maffulli, & R. Kordi (Eds.), Combat Sports Medicine (pp. 331-351). London: Springer.

Crisafulli, A., Vitelli, S., Cappai, I., Milia, R., Tocco, F., Melis, F., & Concu, A. (2009). Physiological responses and energy cost during a simulation of a Muay Thai boxing match. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 34(2), 143–150. https://doi.org/10.1139/H09-002

Diker, G., Darendeli, A., Chamari, K., Dellal, A., Müniroğlu, S., Ön, S., & Özkamçı, H. (2023). Recovery time variation during sprint interval training impacts amateur soccer players adaptations–a pilot study. Biol Sport, 40(2), 417-424. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2023.116008

Dogan, M., Tacal Aslan, B., & Ulucan, K. (2022). Comparison of potential biomarker, ACTN3 rs1815739 polymorphism, for athletic performance of Turkish athletes: ACTN3 Polymorphism in Turkish Athletes. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand), 68(5), 54–59. https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2022.68.5.7

El Ouali, E.M., Barthelemy, B., Del Coso, J., Hackney, A.C., Laher, I., Govindasamy, K., & Zouhal, H. (2024). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between ACTN3 R577X genotypes and performance in endurance versus power athletes and non-athletes. Sports Med Open, 10(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-024-00711-x

Eken, B.F., Savcı, A.A., Polat, T., Yılmaz, O.O., Silar, C., Aslan Tacal, B., Oktay, S., & Ulucan, K. (2021). Preliminary Findings of the distribution of alpha-2-adrenergic receptor (ADRA2A) rs1800544 polymorphisms in kickboxing players. Clin Exp Health Sci, 11, 742-745. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.863591

Franchini, E., Del Vecchio, F.B., Matsushigue, K.A., & Artioli, G.G. (2011). Physiological profiles of elite judo athletes. Sports Med, 41, 147-166. https://doi.org/10.2165/11538580-000000000-00000

Ivanchenko, A., Timchenko, O., Zamperini, A., Testoni, I., Gant, O., & Malyk, I. (2020). Features of intellectual functions inhition among Ukrainian boxers. Eur J Ment Health, 15, 23–37. https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.15.2020.1.2

Kazancı, D., Polat, T., Kaynar, O., Bilici, M.F., Tacal Aslan, B., & Ulucan, K. (2023). The effects of PPARA and IL-6 gene polymorphisms on 1 km running performance in elite Turkish athletes. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand), 69(11) 69–75. https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2023.69.11.12

Krustrup, P., Mohr, M., Amstrup, T., Rysgaard, T., Johansen, J., Steensberg, A., & Bangsbo, J. (2003). The yo-yo intermittent recovery test: Physiological response, reliability, and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 35(4), 697-705. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000058441.94520.32

Krustrup, P., Mohr, M., Ellingsgaard, H., & Bangsbo, J. (2005). Physical demands during an elite female soccer game: Importance of training status. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 37(7), 1242-1248. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000170062.73981.94

Ljubisavljević, M., Amanović, D., Bunčić, V., & Simić, D. (2015). Differences in morphological characteristics and functional abilities with elite and subelite kick boxers. Sport Sci, 8(Suppl 2), 59-64. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_jakov_634

López-León, S., Tuvblad, C., & Forero, D.A. (2016). Sports genetics: the PPARA gene and athletes’ high ability in endurance sports. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Biol Sport, 33(1), 3-6. https://doi.org/10.5604/20831862.1180170

Michałowska-Sawczyn, M., Chmielowıec, K., Chmielowiec, J., Trybek, G., Masiak, J., Niewczas, M., Cieszczyk, P., Bajorek, W., Król, P., & Grzywacz, A. (2021). Analysis of selected variants of DRD2 and ANKK1 genes in combat athletes. Genes (Basel), 12, 1239. https://doi.org/10.3390/ genes12081239

Niewczas, M., Król, P., Czarny, W., Bajorek, W., Rzepko, M., Drozd, S., Płonka, A., Drozd, M., Czaja, R., & Błach, W. (2021). Association analysis of polymorphic variants of the BDNF gene in athletes. Genes (Basel), 12, 1340. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/genes12091340

Ouergui, I., Hssin, N., Franchini, E., Gmada, N., & Bouhlel, E. (2013). Technical and tactical analysis of high level kickboxing matches. Int J Perform Anal Sport, 13, 294-309. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2013.11868649

Ouergui, I., Hssin, N., Haddad, M., Franchini, E., Behm, D.G., Wong, D.P., Gmada, G., & Bouhlel, E. (2014a). Time-motion analysis of elite male kickboxing competition. J Strength Cond Res, 28, 3537-3543. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000579

Ouergui, I., Hssin, N., Haddad, M., Padulo, J., Franchini, E., Gmada, G., & Bouhlel, E. (2014b). The effects of five weeks of kickboxing training on physical fitness. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J, 4,106-113.

Ön, S., Can, İbrahim., Bayrakdaroğlu, S., Sever, M.O., Diker, G., Özkamçı, H., Zileli, R., Söyler, M., Yılmaz, Ö.Ö., Polat, T., Tacal Aslan, B., & Ulucan, K. (2025). ACTN3, IL-6 and PPARA gene polymorfisms and anaerobic performance in volleyball players. Kinesiol Sloven, 31(3), 182-203. https://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.31.3.182-203

Ruiz, J.R., Gómez-Gallego, F., Santiago, C., González-Freire, M., Verde, Z., Foster, C., & Lucia, A. (2010). Is there an optimum endurance polygenic profile? Journal of Physiology, 587(Pt 7), 1527–1534. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2008.166645

Rydzik, Ł., Ambrozy, T., Obmi ´Nski, Z., Błach, W., & Ouergui, I. (2021). Evaluation of the body composition and selected physiological variables of the skin surface depending on technical and tactical skills of kickboxing athletes in k1 style. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 18, 11625. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111625

Salcı, Y. (2015). The metabolic demands and ability to sustain work outputs during kickboxing competitions. Int J Perform Anal Sport, 15, 39-52. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2015.11868775

Silva, G., Cunha, L., Perdigão, T., & Brto, J. (2011, May 13-15). Physiological and anthropometric profile of Portuguese professional kickboxers. Proceedings of Scientific Congress on Martial Arts and Combat Sports, Viseu – Portugal, pp. 120.

Silva, J.J.R., Del Vecchio, F.B., Picanco, L.M., Takito, M.Y., & Franchini, E. (2011). Time-motion analysis in Muay-Thai and kick-boxing amateur matches. J Hum Sport Exerc., 6,490-496.

Silva, J.R., Brito, J., Akenhead, R., & Oliveira, J. (2011). The transition period in soccer: A window of opportunity. Sports Med, 46(3), 305–313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0419-3

Slimani, M., Chaabène, H., Miarka, B., Franchini, E., Chamari, K., & Cheour, F. (2017). Kickboxing review: anthropometric, psychophysiological and activity profiles and injury epidemiology. Biol Sport, 34(2), 185–196. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2017.65338

Slimani, M., Hentati, A., Bouazizi, M., Boudhiba, D., Ben Amor, I., & Chéour, F. (2014). Effects of self-talk and mental training package on self-confidence and positive and negative affects in male kickboxers. IOSR J Hum Soc Sci, 19, 31-34. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-19513134

Tacal Aslan, B., Yozgatlı, D. B., Yılmaz, Ö. Ö., Polat, T., Ekmekçi, R., & Ulucan, K. (2024). Distribution of Alpha-Actinin-3 (ACTN3) rs1815739 Polymorphism in HADO Athletes. Eurasian Research in Sport Science, 9(2), 64-71.

Tatlıbal, P., Ozer, S.B., & Oral, O. (2022). The Relationship of the physical profiles of kick boxers participating in the 2019 World Championships with their flexibility levels and success status. Pak J Med Health Sci, 16(2), 693-703. doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22162693

Ulucan, K., Uk, Y., Kapıcı, S., Yüksel, I., Sercan, C., & Eken, B.F. (2020). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) rs4253778 polymorphism in a Turkish soccer player cohort. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 11(1), 1-6.

Ulucan, K. (2023). Genetic biomarkers of athletic performance. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Press.

Youn, B.Y., Ko, S.G., & Kim, J.Y. (2021). Genetic basis of elite combat sports athletes: A systematic review. Biol Sport, 38(4), 667-675. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2022.102864

Zabukovec, R., & Tidus, P.M. (1995). Physiological and anthropometric profile of elite kickboxers. J Strength Cond Res, 9(4), 240-242.

ACTN3 rs1815739, PPARA rs4253778 and IL-6 rs1800795 gene polymorphisms and aerobic performance in kickboxing athletes

Authors

Keywords:

Abstract

Downloads

References

Downloads

Published

How to Cite

Issue

Section

License

Make a Submission

Information