Davranışsal bağımlılık ölçeği’nin (DBÖ) tasarımı, geliştirilmesi ve doğrulanması
Anahtar Kelimeler:
ekstrem sporlar- bağımlılık- davranışsal bağımlılık- geçerlik- güvenirlik- ölçek geliştirmeÖzet
Ekstrem sporlarda bağımlılık ve motivasyon kavramları, Rakip Süreç Teorisi çerçevesinde ele alınmaktadır. Bu teori, birçok birey için rahatsız edici deneyimlerin nasıl ödüllendirici hale gelebileceğini açıklamaya çalışır. Bu doğrultuda, çalışmada Rakip Süreç Teorisi temel alınarak yeni bir ölçüm aracı geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırmanın yürütülmesinde ve istatistiksel analizlerin gerçekleştirilmesinde on aşamalı bir süreç izlenmiştir. İki ayrı örneklem grubundan veri toplanmıştır: Birinci grup 605, ikinci grup ise 200 katılımcıdan oluşmakta olup, toplamda 925 ekstrem spor katılımcısıyla çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Madde analizleri üç farklı yöntemle yapılmış ve maddelerin ayırt edicilik gücünün yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Ana Eksen Faktörleme yöntemi ile Promax döndürme tekniği kullanılarak yapılan faktör analizi sonucunda, toplam varyansın %68.22’sini açıklayan, 12 maddeden oluşan üç faktörlü bir yapı ortaya konmuştur. Elde edilen yapının geçerliliğini test etmek amacıyla birinci ve ikinci düzey Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizleri uygulanmıştır. Her iki düzeyde de elde edilen uyum indekslerinin, literatürde belirtilen kabul edilebilir sınırlarla tutarlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ölçüm aracının birleşik ve ayrışım geçerliliğini değerlendirmek amacıyla AVE, CR, √AVE değerleri ile faktörler arası korelasyon katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Bu analizler sonucunda, ölçüm modelindeki her bir alt boyutun farklı bir yapıyı temsil ettiği ve geçerlilik koşullarını sağladığı ortaya konmuştur. Ölçüm güvenirliğine yönelik olarak, her iki gruba ait Cronbach Alfa katsayıları hesaplanmış ve her iki örneklem grubunda da yüksek düzeyde güvenilirliğe ulaşıldığı görülmüştür. Zemin ve tavan etkilerine ilişkin yapılan değerlendirmede ise, ölçüm aracıyla elde edilen verilerde bu tür etkilerin bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu araştırma kapsamında geliştirilen Davranışsal Bağımlılık Ölçeği’nin (DBÖ), 12 maddeden ve üç faktörden oluşan yapısı ile ekstrem spor bağlamında geçerli ve güvenilir ölçümler sağlayan bir araç olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
İndirmeler
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